“fulfilled” (Gal. 5:14; 6:2) in the love command, he never indicates that it renders other commands superfluous.57 Others have maintained that the guidance of the Spirit provides the norm for Christian action. Udo Schnelle insists that Paul’s virtue and vice catalogs were consistent with the common moral values of the time and that Paul proceeds on the basis of what was generally considered ethical; moral instructions are valid not because they appear in Torah but because they are a fruit of the Spirit.58 James